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The Autonomy Tax: Defense Training Breaks LLM Agents

Defence training against prompt injection significantly degrades LLM agents' ability to use tools autonomously—a trade-off enterprises must quantify before deploying hardened models.

Summary written by editorial AI · Source link below

Filed by arXiv Crypto & Security1 min readRead at source ↗

arXiv:2603.19423v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on external tools (file operations, API calls, database transactions) to autonomously complete complex multi-step tasks. Practitioners deploy defense-trained models to protect against prompt injection attacks that manipulate agent behavior through malicious observations or retrieved content. We reveal a fundamental \textbf{capability-alignment paradox}: defense training designed to improve sa

Editorial Analysis

Why it matters

Enterprises hardening LLM agents against prompt injection risk silently breaking autonomous task completion, creating a false sense of security with degraded functionality.

What to do

Benchmark LLM agent tool-calling accuracy before and after defence training to quantify the operational impact of safety alignment.

Board brief

Safety-hardened AI agents may lose critical autonomous capabilities—teams must validate functional integrity alongside security.

Forward-looking interpretation drafted by editorial AI under human review — not a reproduction of the source. See methodology.

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